I Am Proud Of What I Didn t Know About Poetry And Story...

When I started this class, I didn’t know much about poetry and story let alone creating my own. My relation with writing was mostly limited to science labs and research papers. Thursdays turn in were a challenge because I had to come up with a topic to write poems or stories. Today, I am proud of what I have accomplished. I was able to compose poems and stories that touched the readers’ heart. I have learned to enjoy writing and take it as a medium to express myself and share my stories. I was usually a reader but now I can write too. As I was growing up, my family moved to lots of different places inside Nepal. I didn’t have a permanent place that I could call my home. I liked traveling but, I felt I wasn’t living fully since I had to move once in every three or four years. As I reflect back to my childhood, I don’t remember writing stories and poem. I used to make up stories with my siblings, though. My parents were busy with their work, so we had to find a way to entertain ourselves. We used to come up with interesting naming games, but none of us were writers and we never thought of playing writing games. Writing doesn’t come naturally to me. I have to spend lots of time to come up with a topic and extra time to think of words that would go with my topic. For my Thursday turn in, I used to stay up late working on my poems or stories. However, I have learned to enjoy the process. After I am done writing, I feel proud of what I have put into my paper. Among allShow MoreRelatedDepression : A Complex Mental Health Complication4939 Words   |  20 Pagescontent. This article is about my personal struggle with depression and how I managed to fight my way out of it. Everything written below is offered as an example to follow for others who struggle with low self-confidence, grief and hopelessness. I believe that what I have to say will show other s how they can change their way of looking at the world and other people so that they can start living for themselves. If you knew me, you would know my story. You would know my life and my struggle to freedomRead MoreThe boy in the stripped pajamas Full TEXT35455 Words   |  142 Pagesextraordinary book that made me feel increasingly chilled TES The new The Curious Incident of the Dog In The Night ­ Time? Heat Successful fiction captures the imagination, it allows us to live lives that are extraordinary to us. The story of Bruno and Shmuel within The Boy In The Striped Pyjamas does exactly that, through it we gain a fresh and new perspec ­ tive on the Holocaust ... it is a novel whose ending remains with readers long after the pages are finished, it is a novel thatRead MoreCarl Roger Transcript44281 Words   |  178 PagesTranscripts of Carl Rogers Therapy Sessions Edited by Barbara T. Brodley and Germain Lietaer Volume 12 Year Page Gloria Filmed Interview 1965 2 Sylvia 4th Interview (Filmed) 1975 21 Commentary interspersed throughout Sylvia 5th Interview (Filmed) 1975 39 Commentary interspersed throughout Kathy Filmed Interview 1975 53 Commentary 67 Dione 1st Filmed Interview 1977 68 Commentary interspersed throughout Dione 2nd Filmed Interview 1977 1977

Leadership Styles From The Point Of View - 1465 Words

The articles under analysis explore leadership styles from the point of view of their relation to gender (Merchant, 2012) and personality (Yahaya et al., 2011). Merchant (2012) provides a valuable research, which is focused on gender as the major determinant of leadership styles in individuals. Providing an analysis of literature, Merchant (2012) indicates that â€Å"many studies analyzing the intersection of gender and influence tactics have resulted in mixed finding† (p. 24). It proves the argument that gender stereotypes play a major role in attributing particular roles for females and males on the basis of their biological sex and what is expected of them. Whereas Merchant (2012) does not present a particular argument on the topic, the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Male managers tend to employ influence tactics such as personal appeal, consultation, assertiveness, and inspirational appeal, female managers use consultation, inspirational appeal, and ingratiation more with other female employees and exchange tactics more with male employees,† Merchant, (2012). I happened to work under both female and male leadership, and I should admit that the difference between them is not evident – everything depends on personality, and dissimilarities in influence tactics are attributed â€Å"to situational circumstances such as individual setting† (Merchant, 2012, p. 26). Personal Leadership Style My leadership style is both Participative and Democratic, and it is influenced by the three variables – gender, personality, and age. â€Å"Democratic Leader makes the final decision, only after receiving the input and recommendations of all team members,† (Goetsch, 2002). I focus on getting to the bottom of the problem by working through it. As a leader, I wouldn’t be concern with who likes me or who thinks I’m being too hard on the employees. My goal is to motivate employees and to see their potential. â€Å"Employees can be motivated by the potential to improve their job satisfaction,† Goetsch (2012). I’m a people person, and I can get along with pretty much any person and that’s how a leader should feel as well. Effect of Gender Though gender is a contradictory variable in affecting

The hand that rocks the boardroom cannot rock the cradle free essay sample

The hand that rocks the cradle can rock the boardroom. After being raised by a mother who? s time has been mostly spent working and trying to run a business, it is definite for me that a working mother can not expect to be good mother. Comparing my working mother? s job as a mother to my friend? s mothers who spend all of their time and energy focused on raising their child, makes it crystal clear that the characteristics needed to be a good mother, at least from my point of view, are not completed by my mother. It is just out of the question, either you do one thing properly or the other. Mothers can’t expect to have to completely different jobs that require their complete attention and excel at both. Either they do one thing or the other. In order to be a salient mother, attention or just the simple act of being present throughout their children? s day is very necessary. We will write a custom essay sample on The hand that rocks the boardroom cannot rock the cradle or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For most hard-working mothers, babysitters, or in some cases day care, are their sweet escape from having to deal with their children; what they don’t know is that the more they depend on the babysitters to meet their children? s need for attention, the more distant they grow from their children. Since having a job or running a business draws most of a mother? s attention, it is impossible for her to think that she is doing a good job as a mother. All of this attention is being given by the babysitter, therefore making her play the role of a mother in the child? s life and creating a vast distance between the child and the mother. It is most important for a mother to be present in her son or daughter? s life physically as crucial as it is for her to be there mentally. It is frustrating for any child to lack the presence od a mother in their life. The nanny or the babysitter fills in this gap, but it still doesn’t suffice for the huge abyss. Simple things like taking their kids to soccer, or assisting their school reunions are not most likely to be done by a busy woman. These things are mildly important because they build a sufficient amount of confidence between the mother and child and make their bond stronger. As motherhood is affected by working, working is also affected by motherhood. Mothers claim to say that they can multitask, but is this true? For most mothers, their kids mean everything to them which means that they think sufficiently about them. This is a clear impediment for efficient work and is proved to be true. How can a mother expect to be good at her job when she is thinking about her kids the entire time? Mothers have the trait of being very precarious, and leaving their precious kids to the care of someone else who will probably not take as good care of them would only amplify that. The fact that a mother is a mother doesn’t mean that she is her child slave o that she has to devote her entire life to him or her, it is more about the small and unnecessary details that a devoted mother shows that not only make her a mother, but a true friend.

Report Essays - Chemistry, Catalysis, Peroxides, Hydrogen Peroxide

Enzymes: Catalase in the Liver and How it Reacts When Exposed to Hydrogen Peroxide Rainy M. Williams Jmeah Clark Saint Augustine's University Key Words Substrates Products Enzymes Catalase Hydrogen Peroxide Denaturalization Optimum Range Abstract All organisms rely on enzymes to catalyze a chemical reaction. An enzyme is a biological catalyst that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the level of activation energy that is necessary for the reaction to begin. Without enzymes, all chemical reactions necessary for life would proceed very slowly and would require more energy. If a substance (hydrogen peroxide) is added to an enzyme (catalase found in the liver), the reaction will speed up by bringing the reactants ( in this case, the substrates) within close proximity and facilitating their interaction when undergoing the reaction. The liver contains a specific enzyme called catalase.When hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is added to the liver, the reaction is catalyzed due to the catalase, causing a chemical reaction to occur (essentially detoxifying the cells containing hydrogen peroxide), creating the products of water and oxygen. Introduction A substance that speeds up a reaction - without being a reactant - is called a catalyst. Catalysts used for biochemical reactions are known as enzymes, which are generally proteins. When enzymes are present in a reaction, the enzyme lowers the level of activation energy which is necessary for the reaction to begin. Enzymes work by binding reactant molecules and holding them in such a way that chemical bond-breaking and bond-forming can occur more readily. In order to catalyze a reaction, the enzyme will "grab" one or more reactant molecules to undergo the reaction. These reactants are called substrates, as they need the facilitation of an enzyme to complete the reaction. The part of the enzyme in which the substrates bind to the enzyme is the active site. The active site is the area in which the catabolic action occurs.The set of amino acids found in the active site as well as the 3D space give the enzyme its specific shape, size, and chemical behavior. An enzyme's active site is uniquely suited to bind to only one substrate in order to undergo the reaction ( Khanacademy.com). Once the enzyme and substrate combine, the enzyme quickly breaks down the substrate. The enzyme, however, is not consumed during this reaction, meaning the enzymes are reuseable. The substrate in this lab is hydrogen peroxide, a toxin found in the cells of all living organisms. Catalase, the enzyme for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), accelerates the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into the products of oxygen and water. The chemical equation for this reaction is: 2H2O2 2H2O + O2 The main objective of this lab was to determine how a piece of liver - which contains the enzyme catalase - would react when exposed to hydrogen peroxide (the substrate) in different food items and temperatures. If hydrogen peroxide is added to different food items such as an apple or potato, only a moderate reaction rate will occur compared to the rate of the raw liver. The food item is the independent variable of this lab, thus meaning the food item being tested -raw liver, apple, or potato - will be able to manipulate the outcome of the dependent variable which is the reaction rate. Part two of this lab was to determine the rate of reaction when the catalase was exposed to the hydrogen peroxide in differing temperatures of H2O2 (ice water (0c), room temperature (21c), warm water (37c), and boiled liver). If the liver was placed in each of these temperatures, the liver would have a greater rate of reaction when exposed to 37c hydrogen peroxide, as this is the body's natural tempera ture. By examining the chemical reactions produced when the liver was exposed to the hydrogen peroxide, an accurate analysis of the presence of enzymes as well as their reaction rates in each sample may be gained. Methods Part one of this lab was conducted in order to see if the potato or apple had catalase in them. Before the lab was conducted, materials needed to be gathered. We needed 3 test tubes,a test tube rack, a clean stirring rod, 50 mL of hydrogen peroxide in a small clean beaker, forceps, a piece of liver, a slice

Chronology of the Ancestral Anasazi Pueblo People

Chronology of the Ancestral Anasazi Pueblo People The Anasazi (Ancestral Pueblo) chronology was broadly defined in 1927 by southwestern archaeologist Alfred V. Kidder, during one of the Pecos Conferences, the annual conference of southwestern archaeologists. This chronology is still used today, with minor changes within different subregions. Key Takeaways Anasazi has been renamed to Ancestral PuebloLocated in the Four Corners region of the U.S. southwest (intersection of the states of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah)  Heyday between 750 and 1300 CEMajor settlements in Chaco Canyon and Mesa Verde   Archaeological remains of what archaeologists call the Ancestral Pueblo are found on the southern Colorado Plateau, the northern parts of the Rio Grande Valley and the mountainous Mogollon Rim in Colorado, Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico. A Name Change The term Anasazi is no longer in use by the archaeological community; scholars now call it the Ancestral Pueblo. That was in part at the request of modern pueblo people who are the descendants of the people who populated the American Southwest / Mexican Northwest- the Anasazi did not in any way disappear. In addition, after a hundred years of research, the concept of what was Anasazi had changed. It must be recalled that, like the Maya people, the Ancestral Pueblo people shared a lifestyle, cultural material, economics, and a religious and political system, they were never a unified state. Early Origins Cutaway illustrations of pre-pueblo pithouses, built by the Ancestral Pueblo people of Colorado. Dorling Kindersley / Getty Images People have lived in the Four Corners region for some 10,000 years; the earliest period associated with the beginnings of what would become Ancestral Pueblo is in the late archaic period. Southwestern Late Archaic (1500 BCE–200 CE): marks the end of the Archaic period (which started at around 5500 BCE). The Late Archaic in the Southwest is when the first appearance of domesticated plants in the American Southwest (Atl Atl Cave, Chaco Canyon)Basketmaker II (200–500 CE): People relied more on cultivated plants, such as maize, beans, and squash and began to construct pithouse villages. The end of this period saw the first appearance of pottery.Basketmaker III (500–750 CE): more sophisticated pottery, first great kivas are constructed, the introduction of bow and arrow in hunting (Shabikeshchee village, Chaco Canyon) Pithouse to Pueblo Transition Visitors walk through the ruins of a massive stone complex (Pueblo Bonito) at Chaco Culture National Historical Park in Northwestern New Mexico. The communal stone buildings were built between the mid-800s and 1100 AD by Ancient Pueblo Peoples (Anasazi) whose descendants are modern Southwest Indians. Robert Alexander / Archive Photos / Getty Images One important signal of development in Ancestral Pueblo groups occurred when above ground structures were built as residences. Subterranean and semi-subterranean pithouses were still being built, but they were typically used as kivas, meeting places for political and religious events. Pueblo I (750–900 CE): residential structures are built above ground, and masonry is added to the adobe constructions. In Chaco Canyon villages are now moving from the cliff tops to the bottom of the canyon. Settlements at Mesa Verde begin as large sedentary villages built into the cliffs with hundreds of residents; but by the 800s, the people living at Mesa Verde apparently leave and move to Chaco Canyon.Early Pueblo II- Bonito phase at Chaco Canyon (900–1000): increase in the number of villages. First multi-storied rooms constructed at Pueblo Bonito, Peà ±asco Blanco, and Una Vida in Chaco Canyon. Chaco becomes a socio-political center, where some individuals and groups hold a great deal of power, seen by architecture requiring organized labor, rich and unusual burials, and large scale flows of timber into the canyon.Pueblo II- Classic Bonito phase in Chaco Canyon (1000–1150): a period of major development in Chaco Canyon. Great house sites, such as Pueblo Bon ito, Peà ±asco Blanco, Pueblo del Arroyo, Pueblo Alto, Chetro Ketl reach now their final form. Irrigation and road systems are constructed. Decline of Chaco A trail leads visitors to Spruce Tree House ruins in Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado, built between 1211 and 1278 CE. Robert Alexander/Archive Photos/Getty Images Pueblo III (1150–1300):Late Bonito phase in Chaco Canyon (1150–1220): population decline, no more elaborated constructions in the main centers.Mesa Verde phase in Chaco Canyon (1220–1300): Mesa Verde materials are found in Chaco Canyon. This has been interpreted as a period of increased contact between Chacoan and Mesa Verde pueblo groups. By 1300, Chaco Canyon definitely declined  and then was abandoned.Pueblo IV and Pueblo V (1300–1600 and 1600–present): Chaco Canyon is abandoned, but other Ancestral Pueblo sites continue  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹to be occupied for few centuries. By 1500 Navajo groups entered the region and established themselves until the Spanish takeover. Selected Sources Adler, Michael A. The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150-1350. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2016.Cordell, Linda. Archaeology of the Southwest, Second Edition. Academic Press, 1997Crabtree, Stefani A. Inferring Ancestral Pueblo Social Networks from Simulation in the Central Mesa Verde. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 22.1 (2015): 144–81. Print.Crown, Patricia L., and W. H. Wills. The Complex History of Pueblo Bonito and Its Interpretation. Antiquity 92.364 (2018): 890–904. Print.Schachner, Gregson. Ancestral Pueblo Archaeology: The Value of Synthesis. Journal of Archaeological Research 23.1 (2015): 49–113. Print.Snead, James E. Burning the Corn: Subsistence and Destruction in Ancestral Pueblo Conflict. The Archaeology of Food and Warfare: Food Insecurity in Prehistory. Eds. VanDerwarker, Amber M. and Gregory D. Wilson. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. 133–48. Print.Vivian, R. Gwinn, and Bruce Hilpert. The Chaco Handbook. A n Encyclopedic Guide. Salt Lake City: The University of Utah Press, 2002 Ware, John. Kinship and Community in the Northern Southwest: Chaco and Beyond. American Antiquity 83.4 (2018): 639–58. Print.

Charless Pen and Jesus Name

Charless Pen and Jesus Name Charless Pen and Jesus Name Charless Pen and Jesus Name By Maeve Maddox Commenting on When to Form a Plural with an Apostrophe, Luke S. raised another question: What gripes me . . . is the misuse of the apostrophe to form the possessive without the extra s: Charles pen needs correction to Charless pen. Ah, Luke, would it were so simple as that! Even the Chicago Manual of Style, so authoritative in so many ways, makes this observation on the use of the apostrophe to form the possessive: Since feelings on these matters sometimes run high, users of this manual may wish to modify or add to the exceptions. When I taught in England, the textbook I used gave the rule that ancient names ending in -s took only an apostrophe, while modern names took apostrophe s: Achilles heel, Jesus name, St. Jamess Park. This rule was no doubt derived from Fowler: It was formerly customary, when a word ended in -s to write its possessive with an apostrophe but no additional s, e.g. Mars hill, Venus Bath, Achilles thews. In verse, in poetic or reverential contexts, this custom is retained. ..But elsewhere we now add the s the syllable, Charless Wain, St Jamess not St James, Joness children. . . After many paragraphs setting forth the correct use of using the apostrophe to form various possessives, the CMS offers an alternative: Those uncomfortable with the rules, exceptions, and options outlined above may prefer the system, formerly more common, of simply omitting the possessive s on all words ending in s- hence â€Å"Dylan Thomas’ poetry,† â€Å"Maria Callas’ singing,† and â€Å"that business’ main concern.† Though easy to apply, that usage disregards pronunciation and thus seems unnatural to many. This apostrophe business is felt to be of such import that there has even been legislation on it: In February 2007 Arkansas historian Parker Westbrook successfully petitioned State Representative Steve Harrelson to settle once and for all that the correct possessive should not be Arkansas but Arkansass. Arkansass Apostrophe Act came into law in March 2007. ABC News [USA], 6 March 2007. Before you start making jokes about the priorities of the Arkansas legislature, know that no less august a body than the Supreme Court wrestled with apostrophe usage in 2006. Justice Thomas opinion was that whenever a singular noun ends in s, an additional s should never be placed after the apostrophe. The dissenting opinion was that an s should always be added after the apostrophe when forming a singular possessive, regardless of whether the nonpossessive form already ends in s. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of Adjectives60 Synonyms for â€Å"Trip†Phrasal Verbs and Phrasal Nouns

State judicial system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

State judicial system - Essay Example Jurisdiction is conferred by laws and therefore cannot be waived or subject to agreement by parties. A defendant has the right to appeal a trial court’s decision, usually once, to the next immediate appellate court. Any other appeal from the initial appeal is discretionary and may be done only through a writ of certiorari or discretionary review. The appellate courts review only the law applied by the lower courts, leaving the findings of facts intact, and no new issues can be considered. They rely solely on the trial briefs of the parties and the records of the proceedings in the trial court. A discretionary review or review via a certiorari is accepted only if the issue at hand is novel or of such general importance. The final resort that a defendant can avail of, after showing state-level exhaustion, is with the federal courts on a petition for a writ of certiorari or petition for a writ of habeas corpus (Acker & Brody 2003 pp 26-29). The lowest court level in the federal court system is the federal district court, of which every state and US territory has at least one. In addition to violation and issues of the US Constitution, federal laws, treaties, diversity of citizenship jurisdiction, these courts have jurisdiction over petitions for habeas corpus that state prisoners may file on the ground that their convictions or sentences violate the US Constitution. Moreover, there must be actual disputes and controversy for federal jurisdiction to apply. On the other hand, the US federal Courts of Appeal can entertain only appeals from federal district courts within their respective circuits as the federal district courts are divided into circuits and assigned an appeals court. Additionally, certain limits of the amounts in dispute are considered before an appeal can be had to the circuit courts. In civil cases, for example, the amount involved must be more than $50 and in admiralty $300. An appeal

Trend article analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Trend article analysis - Essay Example was used because of the advantage of being able to control other variables in the environment in order to get accurate analyses and the fact that research is conducted by experts with adequate number of subjects while controlling competing factors. The methodology addresses two important issues. The first being the manner in which the stressful events could be introduced to children in ways that were salient and personally involving and the second, was the manner in which the features could be conceptualized to make them stressful . Although there have been drawbacks in the traditional methodology of analogue research, improvisations were made in the procedure that made the observations and analyses more accurate for further empirical and statistical deductions in psychology research. A child has to put up with a number of stressful situations, whether at school from peers or at home where he has to contend with intra-parental conflicts or economical challenges. These have led to changes in the way research studies are now conducted in child psychology. According to Daniel Lees in, â€Å"An Empirical investigation of the motivational theory of coping in middle to late childhood.† dealing with problems and annoyances can potentially facilitate development; they present children and youth with opportunities to develop coping skills and strategies, strengthening their resources and confidence for dealing with future events (Losoya et al. 1998;Skinner and Zimmer-Gembeck 2007). According to Cummings 1995, various dimensions of an event can be precisely specified and presented in the same way across all participants and explicit recordings of responses on multiple dimensions (e.g. Cognitive, verbal, emotional and physiological) is possible, in fact simulations or other constructed representations of actual events; live or recorded on videotape or audio tape are presented to members to obtain their reactions, as one form of laboratory method that can assess

Into Thin Air Analysis Essay Example for Free

Into Thin Air Analysis Essay â€Å"Brilliant. Vertiginously exciting†¦vibrantly imagined. An achievement of extraordinary depth and beauty of the natural world.† –Raul Dagmar Into Thin Air is based on a true story seen through the eyes of Jon Krakauer. He is a journalist and mountain climber who decides to climb the treacherous Mount Everest and joins the most disastrous expedition in history. Krakauer mixes in with the climbing service called Adventure Consultants, which is guided by Rob Hall who is also responsible for the lives of ten other climbers. The climb is structured into camps: Base Camp, Camp One, Camp Two, Camp Three and Camp Four. After spending weeks at Base Camp, the group makes a number of trips up to the other camps to speed up the acclimatization process. Throughout the climb to the summit, Krakauer significantly details his teammates, his guides and other expeditions on the mountain. He tries to link together a continuous timeline of the events that take place in the weeks they are on the mountain. Everest is a bare and harsh land. All of the clients have difficulty adjusting to the altitude, tiring easily and losing oxygen. The climbers experience in mountain climbing and at high altitudes varies—some of them are qualified while others very inexperienced and highly dependent on the guides. Will they survive? â€Å"†¦[Krakauer] reveals that the human spirit has infinite ability to grow and can never be limited by circumstance. It will change the way you look at the obstacles of your own life and the American Dream.† -Henry David Thoreau

Essay example --

Issue 1: Misuse of Patient Medical Information by Unauthorized Individual Usually this health monitoring system is using wireless technology. The system can transmit signals from patient to the healthcare provide when the odd signs are detected, the patient can get help immediately. Since this system transmitted data through wireless, therefore it is open to all of the wireless threats for instances eavesdropping and information theft. One of the privacy issues would be theft can easily get the patient medical information and misuse it, if there without proper authentication and patient medical information is not encrypted. So that, every pervasive system should provide strong authentication and incorporate basic encryption to protect the patient medical information. Issue 2: Prescription leakage Another issue is pharmacies or doctors transfer or sale the prescription data to third part. With the detailed information about the patient could easily portray the patient completely is avoided because it is crime, so that they sale only part of data. This raises the privacy issue of whet...

William Faulkner’s “Barn Burning” & It’s Socio-Economic Levels

Johany Hernandez Professor Gray ENC 1102 October 12, 2011 Life’s Own Food Chain William Faulkner’s â€Å"Barn Burning† depicts socio-economic levels of the post Civil War rural South. Social class and economic worth is a major theme throughout the story. It displays a hierarchy of different financial level that is used to portray different socio-economic standpoints among groups. At the very bottom of the social structure are Sarty and his family. On the following level, there is the de Spain’s Negro servant. Afterwards, is Mr. Harris. At the top of the ladder are Major de Spain and his wife, Lula de Spain. All of these characters represent the differences among the socio-economic groups, and how they intertwine with each other in the community. At the bottom of the rank are Sarty and his family. They are farmers who work on others’ plantations because they cannot afford to have their own. They are definitely an uneducated group of individuals. This can be seen when Sarty is speaking: ‘He won’t git no ten bushels neither. He won’t git one. ’ Another good example would be their clothing. Sarty’s sisters are â€Å"†¦in a flutter of cheap ribbons. The family’s clothes consist of â€Å"an incredible expanse of pale clothes and a flutter of tawdry ribbons. † Moreover, Abner Snopes is depicted as someone who does not desire change, even for the betterment of his family. The father walks â€Å"stiffly from where a Confederate provost’s man’s musket ball had taken him in the heel on a stolen horse thirty years ago. â₠¬  He also seems to wear the same black coat constantly. Above Sarty in the hierarchy structure is the de Spain’s servant. The Negro is being described as â€Å"†¦an old man with neat grizzled hair, in a linen jacket. His living in the de Spain’s mansion shows that he is of higher status than the Snopes family. He lives very comfortably in the manor. The fact that he is wearing a linen jacket illustrates that he is exceptionally well taken care of. Though still a servant, he is presumably higher in the hierarchy of the social ladder. The servant is still very well underneath the hierarchy because he is uneducated. He speaks similarly to the Snopes. An instance is: ‘Wipe yo foots, white man, fo you come in here. Major ain’t home nohow. ’ The next character, who is placed above the servant, is Mr. Harris. Though not much is said about who he is, the story portrays him as a landowner. The Snopes’ worked on his farm for a short-term period, which eventually ended in his barn burning. With the bit of information on Mr. Harris, it can be said that he is almost certainly above middle-class. Mr. Harris says ‘The next time I put the hog in my pen. When he came to get it I gave him enough wire to patch up his pen. ’ Examples are that he owns a farm, and a cornfield. Also, that he is able to employ Mr. Snopes and his family as tenant farmers to work on his land. At the top of the hierarchy is a very rich man, Major de Spain and his wife, Lula de Spain. It is very apparent that they are more than wealthy by the description of the home’s surroundings. â€Å"†¦the grove of oak trees and cedars and the other flowering trees and shrubs where the house would be, though not the house yet. They walked beside a fence massed with honeysuckle and Cherokee roses and came to a gate swinging open to between two brick pillars†¦ he saw the house†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Also, the home itself was grand and white. Sarty thinks ‘Hit’s big as a courthouse. ’ Inside the house, even Sarty is flabbergasted by how beautiful it is. The narrator describes it as â€Å"†¦deluged as though by a warm wave by a suave turn of carpeted stair and a pendant glitter of chandeliers and a mute gleam of gold frames†¦Ã¢â‚¬  A very important example of social reign is that Mr. and Mrs. De Spain speak grammatically correct. This alone shows more class as opposed to Sarty and the servant. Throughout the story, the socio-economic classes clash against one another because of social troubles, or economic harms. Sarty and his family, who portrays the lowest of the low show how their family live day by day without reassurance of the future. The servant–clean cut and more well-mannered than the Snopes’, serves the de Spains’, and ultimately somewhat bathes a bit in their riches. Mr. Harris, a minor character, yet the obvious next personality in the hierarchy, is a stable, above middle-class man who though does not own a mansion, is very well off. This now leaves Mr. and Mrs. De Spain, the ones who are not only rich, but exceed the social class norms among the other characters. They are at the top of the food chain—rich, intelligent and very powerful. The lives of these characters help understand the inner-workings of society and its inhabitants.

Peer Evaluation Example Essay

The first speech I am going to evaluate is Jane Doe’s speech about why music is good for people and the positives effect of it. Jane started out very well by giving a personal example of using music in her own life which got the audience’s attention. I liked it when she started off with a story and example because it helped me understand what she was trying to say to the class. She then introduced her topic and stated her reasons of why everybody should have an iPod and listen to music. This was a good strategy because it was well organized and simple which helped her keep the audience’s focus. Being too complicated would have caused the class to lose sight of her argument. I enjoyed the outline of her speech because it was simple and straight to the point. Although her outline was well thought out, the way she presented her argument could have used a little work. Jane wrote out a paper to explain her arguments so that she would not miss anything important that she wanted to say. This is a good way to be organized; however, she kept her head down most of the time and read off her paper word-by-word. This affected her voice which made her sound ‘monotone’. Also, an important thing about giving speeches and attracting the audience’s attention is to looking at the audience, making contact with them like you are speaking directly to them. I did not feel as if she had any contact with anyone since she was reading from her paper. I think if she would have had more eye contact, the audience would have been more interested and accepted her arguments. Another thing that affected her speech presentation was that she was very quiet and it was difficult to hear her. It did not seem like she was very passionate about her topic because she stayed at one level with her tone and her dynamics throughout the speech did not seem to change. In other words, she could have used more vocal variety and projection. Overall I think Jane picked a great topic that everybody could relate to and she used great points to explain her stance. However, I think if she would have been more excited about her topic and had contact with the audience, the speech would have been even better.

20 Jokes That Only Book Lovers Will Get

20 Jokes That Only Book Lovers Will Get Everyone loves a good joke, especially if theres a hint of insider knowledge involved. Thats why weve compiled 20 of the best jokes weve found that only book lovers will get. Feel free to share these with fellow literati, because as E.E. Cummings once said, The most wasted of all days is one without laughter.via GIPHYHow does Voltaire like his apples?Candied.Why did the comma break up with the apostrophe?Because it was too possessive.Jay Gatsbys car was a real hit with the ladies.What makes Civil Disobedience such a great essay?Thoreau editing.What would you find in Charles Dickenss pantry?The best of thyme, the worst of thyme.Why did the reader give up on Pride and Prejudice?The characters were too Austentatious.How can you get an A on everything?Commit adultery in a 17th-century Puritan town.Why do writers often feel cold?Because theyre surrounded by drafts.What is Holden Caulfields favorite childrens show?My Little Phony.What do you say to comfort the grammar police?There, their, theyre.Why is John Milton terrible to invite to game night?Because when hes around, theres a pair of dice lost.Why are you unable to make reservations at the library?Because theyre completely booked.What did the librarian tell Shakespeare when he tried to put the newest New York Times Bestseller on hold?No holds, bard.What do you call 2000 mockingbirds?Two kilo mockingbird.How did the high school music teacher create controversy?He had his students read band books.What do you get when you mix alcohol and literature?Tequila Mockingbird.Why was Shakespeare cold after his camping trip?Now is the winter of our discount tent.How did John Green break his ankle?The fault in our stairs.Why is a books plot so important?It builds character.What do pregnant women and apostrophes have in common?Theyre prone to contractions.via GIPHY

Francium Facts (Atomic Number 87 or Fr)

Francium Facts (Atomic Number 87 or Fr) Francium is a highly radioactive alkali metal with the atomic number 87 and element symbol Fr. Although it occurs naturally, it decays so quickly its very rare. In fact, scientists have never had a large enough sample of francium to know what it actually looks like! Learn about the chemical and physical properties of francium and what its used for. Francium Basic Facts Atomic Number: 87 Symbol: Fr Atomic Weight: 223.0197 Discovery: Discovered in 1939 by Marguerite Perey of the Curie Institute, Paris (France), francium was the last natural element to be discovered (others are synthetic). Electron Configuration: [Rn] 7s1 Word Origin: Named for France, the home country of its discoverer. Isotopes: There are 33 known isotopes of francium. The longest-lived is Fr-223, a daughter of Ac-227, with a half-life of 22 minutes. This is the only naturally-occurring isotope of francium. Francium rapidly decays into astatine, radium, and radon. Properties: The melting point of francium is 27 Â °C, its boiling point is 677 Â °C, and its valence is 1. It is the second-least electronegative element, following cesium. It is the second rarest natural element, following astatine. Francium is the heaviest known member of the alkali metals series. It has the highest equivalent weight of any element and is the most unstable of the first 101 elements of the periodic system. All known isotopes of francium are highly unstable, so knowledge of the chemical properties of this element comes from radiochemical techniques. No weighable quantity of the element has ever been prepared or isolated. To date, the largest sample of francium consisted of only about 300,000 atoms. The chemical properties of francium most closely resemble those of cesium. Appearance: It is possible that francium may be a liquid rather than a solid at room temperature and pressure. Its expected the element would be a shiny metal in its pure state, like the other alkali metals, and that it would readily oxidize in air and react (very) vigorously with water. Uses: Francium is so rare and decays so quickly, it doesnt have any commercial applications. The element is used for research. It has been used in spectroscopy experiments to learn about coupling constants between subatomic particles and energy levels. Its possible the element may find application in diagnostic tests for cancer. Sources: Francium occurs as a result of an alpha disintegration of actinium. It can be produced by artificially bombarding thorium with protons. It occurs naturally in uranium minerals but there is probably less than an ounce of francium at any time in the total crust of the earth. Element Classification: Alkali Metal Francium Physical Data Melting Point (K): 300 Boiling Point (K): 950 Ionic Radius: 180 (1e) Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 15.7 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): ~375 Oxidation States: 1 Lattice Structure: Body-Centered Cubic Return to the Periodic Table Sources Bonchev, Danail; Kamenska, Verginia (1981). Predicting the Properties of the 113–120 Transactinide Elements. Journal of Physical Chemistry. American Chemical Society. 85 (9): 1177–1186. doi:10.1021/j150609a021Considine, Glenn D., ed. (2005). Francium, in Van Nostrands Encyclopedia of Chemistry. New York: Wiley-Interscience. p. 679. ISBN 0-471-61525-0.Emsley, John (2001). Natures Building Blocks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 151–153. ISBN 0-19-850341-5.Lide, David R., ed. (2006). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 11. CRC. pp. 180–181. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.

Are fish and chips really british's national dish Essay

Are fish and chips really british's national dish - Essay Example Fish and chips are a traditional food in the United Kingdom and one of the few dishes that is distinctively British (Smith, 2006:103). The dish contains a piece of fish, usually cod, or haddock that undergo dipping in butterfat and then deep-fried. Cut potatoes that are deep-fried to produce a product named chips is the usual companion of the fish. The dish is served in paper, seasoned with salt and vinegar, and its consumption or eating is done using the fingers or a wooden fork. Most towns in the UK have numerous restaurants band fast food joints that serve fish and chips. Fish and chips have a long history because they existed during the Victorian era and by twentieth century; the dish had gained popularity and British regarded it as a symbol of British identity and class (Le Besco, 2008:33). More so, chips and fish were important form of sustenance during two world wars. In spite of fish and chips venturing in to diverse nations in the world, chips and the fish seemed to have sto len the hearts of the Britons (Smith, 2006:103). This is the case because the British have embraced it as their national food to the extent that they have formed annual awards that award the best restaurants that serve the best fish and chips. For instance, the National Fish & Chip Awards were held for the 25th time in 2013 this year, and The Bay in Stone haven, Aberdeen shire, got the awards as the best British fish and chips shop in Britain. To proof this point, scholars researched on the intensive perception of the British in consuming fish and chips in 1999. Their research findings claimed that the Britons consumed approximately 300 million servings of fish and chips. This is equivalent to six servings for everybody in the country. More so, statistics claim that there are around 8,500 fish and chip shops across the UK, and McDonald’s outlet is the favorite outlet that serves this dish (Smith, 2006:103). Argument against the fact that fish and chips are British’s na tional dish With current changes, the chips and fish perception seem to be changing as well. These changes are a result of stiff competition from other take away food such as pizzas and burgers. More so, the other major reason as to why British are opting for other food is because they are becoming health conscious since fish and chips contain and partly due to health concern over the high fat content of fish and chips (Smith, 2006:111). Still in this section, fish and chips have become more expensive as the days go by and that is why people are opting otherwise. Current survey, British cuisine boosts a wide range of tastes, which may vary from region to region. Many of their dishes are foods like meat, fish, potatoes, flour, butter, and eggs. Main dishes are products of beef, lamb, chicken, fish, or pork whose accompaniment is potatoes or carrots, peas, cabbages and onions. Some of the main dishes have strange names like Toad-in-the-Hole and Bubble & Squeak and. In addition, some o f the most common and typical foods, very popular in England are sandwiches, pies, trifle and roasts dinners (Smith, 2006:111). However, above all these dishes, sandwich tops them all. Sandwich invention came earlier than even the chips because it estimates claim that sandwich was invented in the mid seventeenth century. The sandwich idea came from a certain gambler who asked a waiter to offer him a piece of ham that he placed between the two

The critical perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The critical perspectives - Essay Example As Jeremy (2011) points out that after the collapse of financial system, the efforts were directed towards repairing the system without realizing that the â€Å"system itself needed to change†. This book by the Nobel Prize winning economist appeals to rethink and reconsider the present capitalist structure in the markets. The author talks about how overspending and low savings have brought down the financial meltdown. He is very skeptic about the conditions prevalent in housing market. He criticizes how low interest rates to boost consumption and monetary expansion have brought lax control over the economy. Stiglitz predicts that it will take a long time before USA markets fully recover as he calls it â€Å"Japanese style recovery†, where markets will face low aggregate output and low wages. In his opinion America needs to fix its macroeconomic structure through increasing savings, reducing consumption and more allocation of funds towards issues such as town planning an d climate change. Turner (2010) states in a review that Stiglitz has made it the sources of the current crisis very obvious for those who argue that the current crisis was â€Å"unforseen†. He criticises the policies of Bush and Obama for bringing the economy to collapse in 2008. Stiglitz has criticized Obama for not developing a clear vision and strategy to improve the conditions of the economy. In fact Stiglitz accuses his lack of control over the economy which left the economy even more vulnerable at the hands of those running the financial sector than ever before. Stiglitz is also skeptical about how members of Bush’s administration continued their role in present government and are not rectifying the errors that created huge ups and downs in the business cycle previously. He has mentioned that the policies are made in a manner that increases the burden on taxpayers in case of any loss or bailout situation. Moreover Freefall also criticizes the role of retired bank ers in policy formulation and regulation of the financial sector, which according to Stiglitz has created a greater imbalance in power. Stiglitz strongly advocates imposition of stringent regulations and restructuring of banks. He accuses Obama administration for come under the influence of finance tycoons and failing to exercise control over the banks and other financial institutions which became too giant to handle a crisis. He still believes that large banks need to be broken up in order to right-size them; an example is Citigroup, which is too huge in size to handle. He also is dejects the use of mortgage securitization, and encourages to police derivatives. Analysis Economic Policies Stiglitz considers Keynesian economics to be the solution for the current prevalent problems, however there are a number of factors that place a question mark on this proposition. Firstly we need to understand that in order to predict the impact of an injection of funds into the economy, we need to know the GDP multiplier. This GDP multiplier is dependant over the banking system because they are the ones to extend credit to the private sector. Now if the banking system is itself so weak and in need of funds, it is difficult to say that it can bring the economy out of recession. Moreover we also need to understand the flaws of government control, an example here is for people to decide if they want to rely on private pensions or

Self-Representation of Native Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Self-Representation of Native Americans - Essay Example Current conceptions and representations of Native American culture sometimes suppose they are lazy, casino owning alcoholics who ignorantly refuse to assimilate into modern society. One artist of the 19th century attempted to re-categorize the representations of Native Americans, George Caitlin. In his works, one sees an obvious and intentional desire to portray Native Americans as noble and civilized, some works going as far as to suggest that it is European civilization that is the problem as it is a corrupting and destructive influence on the indigenous populations of the Americas. Self-representation of oppressed and minority populations has proven an effective way to create a voice in the public discourse and to question the validity of particular suppositions which underlie the dominant paradigms of understanding. Unfortunately, there has been limited access to Native American self-representations in the public space until very recently. An exhibition of a rare sketchbook, A Kiowa's Odyssey, is traveling around the country showing the drawings of an autodidact, Etahdleuh Doanmoe, whose sketches depict the capture and relocation of 72 Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne and members of other tribes from Fort Sill, Oklahoma to St. Augustine, Florida. Though these Doanmoe sketches lack the formal compositional techniques of Caitlin's oeuvre the contrast between representation and self-representation of Native American populations is well manifested in the juxtaposition of these two bodies of work. This paper will focus on the context and intention as embodied by and thro ugh the sketches and paintings. The drawings that appear in the Sketchbook of Doanmoe were originally collected by Lieutenant Richard Henry Pratt, a strong advocate of Indian assimilation and the founder of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania.1 Pratt believed that the Indians needed to reject their primitive ways and become educated in Western language, manners, and religion. To this end after capturing Doanmoe and some 70 other Native Americans he marched them 1,000 miles from Fort Sill in Oklahoma to Fort Marion where they received "training" for three years. The sketchbook catalogued the events that took place there, and their titles once assembled were type-written on the top by Pratt himself.2 One feature of the sketches that is immediately noticeable is the unusual perspective that Doanmoe utilizes, namely a rather panoramic perspective as illustrated in his Prisoners Entering Fort Sill.3 This perspective intimates a fundamental disconnect with the subject matter. This fundament disconnection lies in stark contrast to many of the paintings of George Caitlin. Caitlin painted over 35 portraits of tribal chiefs and most of them such as Shonkakihega, Horse Chief, Grand Pawnee Head Chief 4have a very close and intensely intimate impression, with the subject dominating a rather contrived background that only serves to highlight and foreground the features of the subject as the colors in the background seem only chosen to compliment the various colors used for the subject. Caitlin was determined to attach a sense of nobility and austerity to the indigenous subjects of his works. This distinction in perspective reveals something about the relative positions of the two artists

Literature Review On Leadership Effectiveness Management Essay

Literature Review On Leadership Effectiveness Management Essay In the previous chapter it was discussed the purpose and reason for this investigative study on leadership effectiveness and its possible mediating affects on subordinate job satisfaction. The chapter will critically review the literature characterised the ideas and topics surrounding: This chapter will seek to critically review the literature surrounding: General concepts and models that have been developed discussed on leadership, competences and job satisfaction Influence of competences on the style of leadership Influence of leadership style on subordinate job satisfaction By reviewing existing literature will aid in highlighting, indentifying and discussing factors of a critical nature thus allowing sound understanding when taking the influences of competences on leadership style and its ripples on subordinate job satisfaction, if any. The contents of this literature review will dispense: A definition and explanation of leadership through the use of academic principles, conceptualization and models where suited. Complimented with competences profiling and subordinate job satisfaction when introduced. The critical evaluation will look at key authors and their insights in the areas of leadership styles and competences. To observe areas which have been the focal points of interest based on the topics being acknowledged, research will be made on leadership style and impact on subordinate job satisfaction. Based on what has been revealed whilst reviewing literature will allowed what has been learnt and to pin any hypostasis by what has been viewed. (Please note that some of these paths may and may not follow suit to allow for consistency) Leadership The concept of leadership has had multi attempts to define and evolve what leadership is more often or not proving to be an enigma for theorists and practitioners. These attempts have grown from fields such as management, psychology, ideology, anthropology and sociology. With so much attention Burns (1978) described the matter by stating that leadership is one of the most observed and least understood phenomena on earth (p. 2). Having been numerous attempts in defining the meaning for the term leadership, this has resulted in taking many interpretations. Stogdill (1974, citied in Northouse, 2007, Pg 2) pointed out in a review of leadership research, there are almost as many different definitions of leadership as there are people who have tried to define it. In Stogdills Handbook of Leadership that was revised and expanded by Bass in (1981) highlighted different definitions and conceptions of leadership had previously been reviewed briefly by Morris and Seeman (1950), Shartle (1951a,b , 1956), L.F. Carter (1953), C. A. Gibb (1954, 1969a), and B. M Bass (1960). This is only a small numerical amount compared to Crainer (1995 cited in Mullins 2007, pg363) that it is claimed there are over 400 definitions of leadership and it is a veritable minefield of misunderstanding and difference though which theorists and practitioners must tread warily. At best of times theoretical perspectives define the concepts being views as a trait, behavioural style, the manipulation of individuals and groups derived through interaction, influence to gain followers and the situation in which its attended. The constant upheaval of leadership suggests that many investigators see leadership as a key structural beam for organisational effectiveness and its influences on the performance; OEs arent just segmented to monetary turnover but a measure of a dependant variable that is employee job satisfaction (Robbins, 2003). Traits Theory of Leadership From the 1930s the trait theory of leadership have been under Jerry et al (1984) , Wexley et al (1984), Smelser et al (2002) Moran et al (2007) Behavioral Theories of Leadership Michigan Ohio Situational Theories of Leadership The theory of situation leadership primary principle distinguishing leadership effectiveness in an particular situation and also what leadership style is most suited to be active in that situation. Most, if not all situational theory hinges on that the style of leadership obtained by a manager should acknowledge sets of circumstances: Management elements such as competencies, personalities and drive Employee elements such as needs derived from personalities, drive and skills Group effectiveness such as task, structure and development Organisational procedures such as standards, rules, power and timing The idea of situational leadership have recognisable and influential models that circulate around this phenomenon, these are indentified as: Fiedlers Model Contingency Houses Model of Path-Goal Fiedlers Contingency Model Fieldler (1967) based his theory on explaining that two variables that have a direct impact the performance of a group. These two variables are widely known as style of leadership and situational favourability. Fiedler (1967) asserted that the most profound leadership trait and situational favourability is distinguished by their similarity that causes the effectiveness of a leader. When leadership trait is said; it is the personality that causes relationship-oriented or task-oriented leader. Fielders contingency theory has come under criticism like most theorists do. The criticism came from the likes of Ashour (1973) Vecchio, (1977) (1983) which suggest the method of measuring the variables and the empirical research conducted were insufficient in allowing for the theory to have any validly. Such an observation is farcical simply because Fiedler has spent years tuning and perfecting his well established and used theory. Houses Path-Goal Model House (1971) based his theory from Vrooms expectancy theory. House (1971) suggests in order for a leader to motivate its subordinates by a way of two means firstly to recognise between individual subordinate needs and an organisations goal(s) by understanding the relationship between the two factors and secondly the leader must state and ease the chosen course not only for the organisational goal(s) but as well as fulfilling their own individual needs. Houses path-goal theory is very much influenced on situational characteristics. Thus allowing its ability to predict the effects it has on behavioural structuring. House also suggests the expectancies and motivations in subordinates are created through the behaviour of the leader this in turn would create job satisfaction by subordinates recognising their capabilities and the weight they perceive their job would get results. Drenth et al (1998) raised a number of criticisms regarding the path-goal theory they asserted that Houses theory doesnt cultivate the collective members as a whole based on behaviour and performance. Secondly they highlight the relationship between leadership behaviours and the group may be heavily influenced by environmental interactions. Lastly it is suggested that when empirical studies are conducted using the path-goal theory most enthusiasts use standardised leadership styles to measure the variable of effectiveness. Morden Management LEADERSHIP COMPETENCIES AND SKILLS JOB SATISFACTION Fulfilment Theory Discrepancy Theory Equity Theory Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory Focal Theoretical Research Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper Row. Robbins, S.P, (2003). Organisational Behaviour. 10th Ed. Pearson Education, New Jersey Jerry, L., Gray, A., Starke, F. (1984). Organizational behaviour: Concepts and applications. New York: A Bell and Howell Co. Inc. Wexley, K, N., Yukl, G. A., (1984). Organizational behaviour and personnel psychology. US: Richard D Irwin Smelser, N, J., Baltes, P, B., (2002) International encyclopedia of the social behavioral sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Inc Moran, R. T., Harris, P,R.,, Moran, S. V., (2007) Managing cultural differences: global leadership strategies for the 21st century 7th ed. Oxford: Elsevier Mullins, Laurie J. (2007) Management and organisational behaviour / Laurie J. Mullins . 8th ed. . Harlow : Financial Times Prentice Hall Northouse, P, G., (2007) Leadership Theory and Practice 4th ed. United Kingdom: Sage Publications. Bass, B, M., (1981) Stogdills Handbook of Leadership Revised and expanded Edition. New York: The Free Press Gordon, J. R. (1987). A diagnostic approach to organizational behavior. New York: Allyn and Boston Fiedler, F. E. (1967) A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness, New York: McGraw-Hill. Vecchio, R. P. (1977) An Empirical Examination of the Validity of Fiedlers Model of Leadership Effectiveness, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 19: 180-206. Vecchio, Robert P (1983) Assessing the Validity of Fiedlers Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness: A Closer look at Strube and Garcia, Psychological Bulletin 93: 404-8 Ashour, A. S. (1973) The Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness: An Evaluation, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 9(3): 339-55. Lawler, E. E., III (1973). Motivation in work organizations. Brooks/Cole Publishing Company: Monterrey, CA. Locke, E. A. (1969). What is job satisfaction? Organizational behavior and human performance. In E. E. Lawler (1973). Motivation in work organizations. Brooks/Cole Publishing Company: Monterrey, CA. House, R, J., A Path-Goal Theory of Leadership Effectiveness, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. XVI(1971), 321-38 Drenth, D J P., Thierry, H., De Wolff, J, C., 1998 A Handbook Of Work And: Organizational Psychology united kingdom Psychology Press Ltd

Pot, Its Whats for Dinner :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cannabis, chronic, bud, weed, pot, grass, the list is endless. Harboring several names, marijuana use, is illegal in most of United States. In California, marijuana can be prescribed to cancer patients, aids patients and people who suffer from glaucoma. But the recreational use is strictly prohibited in most of the 50 United States. Considering the liable revenue, the social and health related factors of marijuana as opposed to legal substances like alcohol and cigarettes; the recreational use of marijuana should be legal for social and economic reasons. Marijuana has been proven to induce less side effects, or negative factors than either alcohol or cigarettes. Smoking cigarettes causes cancer, in several different forms, is physically addicting, and has enough other chemicals in it to kill small animals. Along with the extremely addicting nicotine, and tar-filled tobacco, cigarettes contain other chemical s such as rodenticide, formaldehyde, and sometimes even ammonia. Still, it is legal to buy, and smoke. Alcohol, another prevalent â€Å"evil† in society, too can cause severe internal problems (liver disease), is psychologically addicting, and in large quantities can in fact be fatal (alcohol poisoning). Both these legal substances have proven more dangerous than marijuana. Marijuana is not physically addicting. In most cases, especially if cultivated and smoked appropriately, it contains no other chemicals. One cannot â€Å"overdose† on marijuana or get â€Å"pot poisoning†. However, the government manages to ignore such proven facts, and maintains the legal sale and use of alcohol and tobacco products. Approximately $5.00 a day, $35.00 a week, $140.00 a month, and $7280.00 a year; smoking a pack of cigarettes a day is costly habit. But theoretically, it is not that expensive to grow. So, where do the disparities in prices come from? The federal government has an extensive list of taxes, and tariffs put on tobacco. The taxes on a pack of cigarettes make up for more than 50% of the price. The tobacco industry is viewed as this inherent â€Å"evil†, and the government does all it can to thwart the industry, including the taxation of all tobacco products. If the government were to legalize marijuana for recreational purposes, the same taxes, and tariffs could be applied to the sales of marijuana cigarettes. The revenue collected from this would be astounding. With this revenue, more regulation could be enforced and it would soon be harder for kids and teenagers to acquire. And just like alcohol and cigarettes, a state license could be issued for the distribution, and a legal â⠂¬Å"pot smoking† age could be enforced.

My Pet Elephant Essay

Hello there. This is the story about the first time I got a pet. my name is Hugo Lambrechts and here is where it all began. Last night at around 12:00 pm I was about to go to bed when I saw a present on my bed from my Mom .When I opened my gift I saw a toy elephant inside. I saw it and I stared for quite some time, took a big breath and smiled. When I was about to go to bed I was dreaming of having a pet elephant and how it would be to have an elephant for a pet. The next morning, it was my birthday! I jumped for joy. Mom greeted me a happy birthday. Then I saw my dad , he was the one i had to beat, I mean if I want a pet elephant, then I have to go through him. I said â€Å"Good morning Dad.† Then dad said â€Å"Happy Birthday! What would you like for your birthday?† I asked him â€Å"Dad can I have a pet elephant?† My Dad looked shocked then he laughed a little then he became serious. He said with a loud voice, â€Å"No! You can’ t have a pet elephant! I mean do you even know how to take care of an elephant?† I didn’t know what to say, I was stuttering like I was in the North Pole for days. Then the school bus went by with a big â€Å"HONK!† I can’t believe I was saved by the school bus. I was rushing to get out as soon as possible. â€Å"Bye Dad, Bye Mom see ya later.† I said in a rush. Then I raced out the door in the school bus and off to school. After school, I got home then I overheard my Dad talking on the phone then he was talking about work and stuff then it hit me I heard him talking about a present! Then that made me think. So I just went up to my room and thought about it for a long time. The next day, while I was eating breakfast I saw my dad focused on the computer looking for something on a site about wildlife and stuff. So it made me wonder more and more. So when I got back from school I saw my Dad and Mom in front of the TV watching those documentaries about animals and so when I got bored I went upstairs in my room and thought about it again. When I got home I saw boxes everywhere and so I asked, â€Å"What are these boxes for?† Then Mom answered â€Å"We are moving to a new house.† Then I asked† But why?† â€Å"You’ll see.† Said my Mom with excitement. Page 3 Then I went upstairs to pack my things. While we were driving to North Island I was thinking about what will the surprise be? So when I got there I went running down the car and up the stairs and into the room. Then I saw a basket on the floor and it said To Hugo Dear darling Hugo Happy Birthday! I hope you love your gift. From your parents Then when I opened the basket it was a baby elephant inside! .And that is the story of how I got my pet elephant.

Compare and contrast paper about two short stories Essay

In the writings â€Å"A Description of New England† by John Smith and â€Å"Of Plymouth Plantation† by William Bradford, the tone of these two selections vary noticeably. Both authors use certain tones to attract and persuade certain audiences. John Smith wrote of what a wonderful place the New World was, while on the other hand Bradford wrote about the difficulties and realities of the New World. Author John Smith, a pilgrim who arrived in the Americas, writes a description of the new land. In â€Å"A Description of New England† he shows what a wonderful world of vast food and pleasure await. William Bradford, another pilgrim who arrived in Plymouth on the coast of Massachusetts, gives his take on the early settling of the new land. In â€Å"Of Plymouth Plantation† he writes a description of what really happened their, how the pilgrims actually lived. In â€Å"A Description of New England,† Smith starts by describing the pleasure and content that risking your life for getting your own piece of land brings to men. He also implies that building your own house, planting your own crops, and having a â€Å"God’s blessing industry† would be easy to have without having any prejudice. He talks about the joy of erecting towns and then populating them. John Smith rarely mentions the Native Americans, but when he does he says that they are good people and that they helped them when the arrived. Smith also makes references to ways of profiting from daily activities such as hunting and farming. This is his way of persuading others to make a voyage to the New World. For example, John Smith states â€Å"For hunting †¦ afford not only chase sufficient for any delight that in that kind of toil or pleasure but such beasts to hunt that besides the delicacy of their bodies for food, and their skins are so rich as may well recompense thy daily labor with a captains pay. By persuading others to come to the New World, it can also be seen that Smith expects to profit from these new settlers. John Smith appears to be directing his writing towards certain financial individuals wanting to invest in the new colonies. In â€Å"Of Plymouth Plantation,† Bradford begins by reminding us how harsh and difficult the trip to the New World was for the pilgrims. He writes about the condition of the men who arrived to the shore. He also mentions that in the New World there was no one to welcome them, more over there was nothing  to stay in, no houses and no inns. When William Bradford mentions the Native Americans, he says that they greeted them with arrows. Bradford also attempts to persuade others to visit the New World, with a religious approach. This attempt is made even though he does describe the difficulties in the New World. In Bradford’s eyes, had not the Puritan Pilgrims been graced by God then their long and demanding exploration, all would have been in vain. Year after year Bradford keeps sight of the signs from God meant to help the Pilgrims of Plymouth, Massachusetts. After years in the New World, Bradford talks of Squanto, the Indian, becoming â€Å"an instrument sent form God for their good. Then he goes onto compare the Pilgrim’s journey to the New World with the Israelites exodus from Egypt. It is clear to see that these religious references are used to persuade his audience to see the purity of the Pilgrim’s journey to Plymouth. William Bradford appears to be writing towards certain religious individuals who want to make a pilgrimage toe the new colonies. Even though the tones of these two writings, â€Å"A Description of New England† by John Smith and â€Å"Of Plymouth Plantation† by William Bradford, vary distinctly, both authors attempt to persuade certain audiences. Smith attempts to persuade the financial advisors who wish to invest in the New World, while Bradford attempts to persuade the religious individuals to make a pilgrimage to the New World. Bradford wrote about the difficulties and realities of the New World, while Smith wrote about how wonderful the New World was. Pilgrim John Smith wrote a description of the new land in which he describes what an astonishing world of vast food and pleasure awaited others. Another Pilgrim, William Bradford, gave a different description of the new land. He gave a description of what really happened, of how the pilgrims really lived.

Free Essays on Esmeralda Santiago

as her medium, Santiago paints a beautiful picture of her life. I smelled the spices and herbs emanating from the special Puerto Rican dishes her mami prepared. Mesmerized, I watched as her abuela delicately stitched her needlework. We laughed together and cried together, and I allowed my spirit to run free with hers. Santiago writes with such clarity and fierceness that it is impossible for any person not to see, feel and understand what she went through in her remarkable journey. Santiago's unique style is easy to follow. When I read the book, I was immediately hooked and could not stop until I read the last word. The stories are interesting and full of insight. She addresses fears and trials of all people. I especially related to her conflicts with her cultural identity. Anyone who has lived in-between two cultures can relate to her story. Santiago wrote: "When I returned to Puerto Rico after living in New York for seven years, I was told I was no longer Puerto Rican ... In writing the book I wanted to get back to that feeling of Puertoricanness I had before I came here. Its title reflects who I was then, and asks, who am I today?" Santiago's book provides a sense of hope. She is transformed from a co... Free Essays on Esmeralda Santiago Free Essays on Esmeralda Santiago This is a delightfully woven story of immense passion and unconquerable spirit. In this extraordinary autobiography, Santiago, an immigrant to New York from rural Puerto Rico, tells the story of her trials and triumphs, defeats and heart-aches in a unique concoction of vivid sensory detail. Santiago grew up in what her mami calls "savage" conditions, dutifully obeying her parents as they constantly move. Her greatest relocation occurred when a "metal bird" flew her, her mother and two of her siblings to the rough city of New York. This book is the account of the maturing of an extraordinary woman who overcame barriers formed by hate, prejudice, cultural differences, puberty and heartaches to rise triumphantly. Using words as her medium, Santiago paints a beautiful picture of her life. I smelled the spices and herbs emanating from the special Puerto Rican dishes her mami prepared. Mesmerized, I watched as her abuela delicately stitched her needlework. We laughed together and cried together, and I allowed my spirit to run free with hers. Santiago writes with such clarity and fierceness that it is impossible for any person not to see, feel and understand what she went through in her remarkable journey. Santiago's unique style is easy to follow. When I read the book, I was immediately hooked and could not stop until I read the last word. The stories are interesting and full of insight. She addresses fears and trials of all people. I especially related to her conflicts with her cultural identity. Anyone who has lived in-between two cultures can relate to her story. Santiago wrote: "When I returned to Puerto Rico after living in New York for seven years, I was told I was no longer Puerto Rican ... In writing the book I wanted to get back to that feeling of Puertoricanness I had before I came here. Its title reflects who I was then, and asks, who am I today?" Santiago's book provides a sense of hope. She is transformed from a co...

Free Essays on Operation Hostile

Operation: Hostile I had just been accepted in the Special Forces. He had been in ROTC training in Bell More, Virginia, when he heard the screeching voice of our sergeant, â€Å"were being called to Panama.† The next morning at 5:00 I heard the clacking of the wooden stick hitting the trashcan the serge used every morning to wake the troops up. He screamed â€Å"Pack your bags where leaving†, we all knew where we were going. At 6:30 that morning we got on the plane and headed for the Perlas Islands. We had been briefed on the current situation going on there; guerilla terrorists had taken over a college full of Americans on which included the Presidents daughter. I was Platoon Leader so it was my job to keep everyone focused on the situation. My unit was unit seven we went in first, while scouting the area we where seen and three of my men were caught along with me. We were taken to the leader of the terrorist organization. He wanted to know our name, rank, and reason we were there. None of us would do as they said. Then they tried to force our name and rank out of us by shock therapy. That is where they hook a battery up to two long cords that hold to wet shirts on them and shock you with them. Finally one of my men gave and told them who was in charge and his name and rank. They took me in the back alone and interrogated me and then tried to force information out of me by putting bamboo shoot threw my finger nails. Every time they did it I would gauck at them and tel l them nothing, until finally passed out. I finally tried to escape when I awoke in the jailhouse room they kept me in. When I made a run for it I took the other two men with me. When we were crawling around the fence line a terrorist found us and tried killing me by choking me. I couldn’t breath and started to grope for air. The terrorist kept on choking me until I felt the grasp of darkness coming on until Sergeant Morris saved me. Once I... Free Essays on Operation Hostile Free Essays on Operation Hostile Operation: Hostile I had just been accepted in the Special Forces. He had been in ROTC training in Bell More, Virginia, when he heard the screeching voice of our sergeant, â€Å"were being called to Panama.† The next morning at 5:00 I heard the clacking of the wooden stick hitting the trashcan the serge used every morning to wake the troops up. He screamed â€Å"Pack your bags where leaving†, we all knew where we were going. At 6:30 that morning we got on the plane and headed for the Perlas Islands. We had been briefed on the current situation going on there; guerilla terrorists had taken over a college full of Americans on which included the Presidents daughter. I was Platoon Leader so it was my job to keep everyone focused on the situation. My unit was unit seven we went in first, while scouting the area we where seen and three of my men were caught along with me. We were taken to the leader of the terrorist organization. He wanted to know our name, rank, and reason we were there. None of us would do as they said. Then they tried to force our name and rank out of us by shock therapy. That is where they hook a battery up to two long cords that hold to wet shirts on them and shock you with them. Finally one of my men gave and told them who was in charge and his name and rank. They took me in the back alone and interrogated me and then tried to force information out of me by putting bamboo shoot threw my finger nails. Every time they did it I would gauck at them and tel l them nothing, until finally passed out. I finally tried to escape when I awoke in the jailhouse room they kept me in. When I made a run for it I took the other two men with me. When we were crawling around the fence line a terrorist found us and tried killing me by choking me. I couldn’t breath and started to grope for air. The terrorist kept on choking me until I felt the grasp of darkness coming on until Sergeant Morris saved me. Once I...

The ABCs of Alphabet Games A Complete Guide

The ABCs of Alphabet Games A Complete Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It’s hard to imagine a time when you didn’t know the alphabet, so the idea of teaching the letters to someone else can be daunting. But for toddlers and preschoolers (and anyone else learning English), the letters of the alphabet are the building blocks of the English language. Learning and recognizing them is the first crucial step to developing strong literacy and language skills. Enter: alphabet games. Alphabet games make mastering letters fun- which is exactly what learning should be! So whether you have a little one just starting out on their literacy journey, or know someone learning English as a second language, we’ve broken down everything you need to know about alphabet games. In this article, we’ll explain what alphabet games are, the best ones to use, and the mistakes to avoid when using them to guarantee learning success. Feature image:Retrokatz/CC What Are Alphabet Games? Alphabet games are any activities designed to help children learn the 26 letters of the English alphabet. They may also be referred to as â€Å"letter games,† â€Å"ABC learning games,† or â€Å"letter recognition games.† They can be as simple as using alphabet magnets to show letters, or as advanced as alphabet puzzles, and everything in between. Edward Miller/CC Why Do We Use Alphabet Games? Being able to read, write and listen are core to understanding and communicating in English (and any language). As such, we want to do everything we can to encourage success. By making that first big step (learning the alphabet) fun and engaging, children are more likely to remember letters and their sounds. The more they remember their letters, the more they’ll recognize them and identify them in and out of order. And the more prepared they’ll be to learn to read and write. Josh Applegate/Unsplash Early Childhood Cognition From the moment they’re born, children are like sponges absorbing everything in their world. They want to know how things work, why they work, and what things are. Learning the alphabet serves as a base for learning to read, communicate and understand the English language. It’s the first step to providing children with the tools to not only learn, but to seek answers on their own. To add to their knowledge base of how and why things work and what they are. Beyond the alphabet, letter games help children improve and strengthen their memory and cognition- all vital skills for anyone to have.. When it comes to mastering the alphabet, the vital concept a child must conquer is the ability to recognize letters and recall them. The easier they can recognize and recall, the easier it’ll be for them to learn letter sounds, which is a must for learning to read. Being able to â€Å"recognize and recall† letters means your learner can tell the difference between each of the 26 alphabet letters. They can also say the name of each letter. Identifying a letter by its name and sound (regardless of the order presented), requires memorization and practice. So, the more letter recognition games they play, the more fun they’ll have, but also the more letter repetition they’ll be exposed to and the more easily they’ll be able to remember and recognize letters and sounds. The following is a chart featuring a few of the reading-related milestones to look out for depending on your learner’s age, according to the U.S. Dept. of Education: Age: 0-3 years Age: 3-4 years Age: 5 years Age: 6 years Begin to associate words they hear frequently with what the words mean. Understand that print carries a message. Sound as if they are reading when they pretend to read. Read and retell familiar stories. Handle objects such as board books and alphabet blocks in their play. Make attempts to read and write. Recognize letters and letter-sound matches. Decide on their own to use reading and writing for different purposes. May write about topics that mean a lot to them. Understand how books should be handled; pretend to read books. Identify familiar signs and labels. Understand that print is read left-to-right and top-to-bottom. Identify new words by using letter-sound matches, parts of words and their understanding of the rest of a story or printed item. Look at pictures in books and realize they are symbols of real things. Identify some letters and make some letter-sound matches. Begin to match spoken words with written ones. Identify an increasing number of words by sight. Begin to pay attention to specific print such as the first letters of their names. Enjoy listening to and talking about storybooks. Begin to write letters of the alphabet and some words they use and hear often. Sound out and represent major sounds in a word when trying to spell. Produce some letter-like forms and scribbles that resemble, in some way, writing. Use known letters (or their best attempt to write the letters) to represent written language especially for meaningful words like their names or phrases such as "I love you." Begin to write stories with some readable parts. Try to use some punctuation marks and capitalization. What Are the Different Types of Alphabet Games? We tend to think of the alphabet song when we think of learning letters, but that’s only one of many letter games children should be playing. This is because we want learners to do more than just sing the alphabet in order. We want them to be able to recognize and distinguish between the letters. This will make them versatile and adept readers down the road. It can be hard to differentiate between letter recognition games when there are so many out there. Particularly given that not every child learns best in the same way. There are three main types of learners: auditory, visual and kinesthetic. Knowing which one your child is (or combination of) can help you find the best letter games for them. Each alphabet game you use should focus on one or more of these types of learning: What Are the Best Alphabet Games to Use? The first thing to know is that there is no absolute right way to teach the alphabet. However, the most effective method will use a combination of letter games targeting the different types of learning. The best games will address some or all of the following: memory, sight recognition, sound and speaking (or â€Å"phonics†), and touch. The following are a few of the most used and versatile ABC learning games we recommend: Alphabet Bingo Alphabet bingo (or â€Å"letter match†) is great for audio, visual and kinesthetic learners. Players get to see the letters on a card, hear the letter being said to them (and, if you’d like, you can have them say the letter back to you!), as well as identify and physically place (touch) a marker to the correct letter. You can easily make this game yourself using household items, download it for free online (here’s a link to 30 free printable alphabet bingo cards), or purchase it from a vendor, such as Amazon. Sidewalk Chalk Games Sidewalk chalk games are fantastic for visual and kinesthetic learners because children get to see letters in a different context and move around while still learning. And the best part? All you need is chalk and (you guessed it) a sidewalk. While there are numerous games you can play, we recommend â€Å"Alphabet Hopscotch† for its versatility. Alphabet Hopscotch can be played as the hopscotch game we all loved as kids (just with letters inside the squares), as the block version below, as a â€Å"hop and move† game (second photo), or any variety of ways you can imagine. Sidewalk letter games are great for children who learn best by doing and being physical./Buggy Buddy Use actions to make the letters more memorable./No Time For Flash Cards Playdoh Letters Playdoh Letters is another fantastic game you can â€Å"play† in so many different ways. Playdoh Letters are great for kinesthetic and visual learners because of their tactile nature. Use Playdoh to make letters for your child to touch (identify) or have them make Playdoh Letters based off of alphabet letters written on paper or shown on a screen. A child can also stamp letters into the Playdoh, or use magnetic letters or alphabet cookie cutters to make letters. Use Playdoh Letters for audio learners by saying the letters and having your learning choose the correct one, then have them pronounce the letter back to you. Alphabet Puzzles Another great activity for letter learning is the alphabet puzzle. Puzzles are fantastic for kinesthetic and visual learners because children get to touch and move letters around, as well as see them in 3D. Use them for audio learners by saying aloud and having your child say the letter once they’ve put it in its correct slot. There are many versions of this game in stores and online, but for those looking for a DIY version, This Reading Mama has printable puzzles on her website. Reading Ok, so we know it’s not exactly a game, but reading can really help a child on his or her journey to learning the alphabet. Reading exposes learners to seeing letters on a page, and hearing the letters being pronounced helps them understand letter sounds. Reading also helps children understand how letters can be used to form words and trains them to know English reading is done from left to right and top to bottom on a page. Nicole Honeywill/Unsplash Alphabet Learning Games for Students With Different Learning Needs There are also alphabet learning games available for students with different learning needs (i.e.: for the blind and deaf). Below are a few links we recommend checking out for games using American Sign Language and Braille. Sign Language Learning Games (for Learners Who Are Deaf) DeafLinx Very Well Health Kids Courses Braille Learning Games (for Learners Who Are Blind) Paths to Literacy Pinterest Sensory Sun Other Resources The internet is full of great resources for teaching and learning the alphabet. We recommend searching through Pinterest and YouTube for alphabet learning games. There are also a ton of free resources available on various websites and blogs (e.g., those by parents and teachers) that can be found using your favorite search engine. Here are a few we recommend: Growing Book By Book Healthy Children How Wee Learn Reading Rockets The Measured Mom The Most Common Mistakes Made When Using Alphabet Games (and How to Avoid Them) Unfortunately, finding fun alphabet games is only the first step. If you want to help a child learn their letters efficiently, make sure to avoid these common mistakes. #1: Teaching the Alphabet in Order Believe it or not, teaching the alphabet in order from A-Z is not the most effective or useful way to learn the alphabet. This is because we want to ensure children not only memorize their letters, but that they know them by sight and sound independent of the alphabet order. Instead, try teaching the letters in groups to both break up the alphabet into chewable nuggets and to give your child a chance to distinguish small words. For example, teaching a child the letters in their name can be a fun, easy way to get started. Not only will they hear and see those letters on a regular basis, they’ll also have a simple word to learn that ensures they know each letter in their name by sight and sound. Once a child can identify a letter by its name, it’s easier to move on to learning the letter sounds. Another trick is to teach groups of letters that can make small words. Say you focused on the following group of letters: B, P, N, D, E. Once a child has learned those letters, they can begin to identify small words such as: den, bed, pen, etc. #2: Not Making Alphabet Games Hands-On Enough Learning the alphabet and playing alphabet games should be a dynamic, engaging process. Children love to move, touch, see, and interact with the world around them, and alphabet games should tie into that enthusiasm easily. Relying too heavily on methods like worksheets can lose a child’s interest and decrease the likelihood that they’ve truly learned their letters and can distinguish them in and out of their alphabetic order. #3: Not Mixing It Up Avoid the temptation of using the same two or three games over and over. As with anything, variety is the spice of life. Keep minds interested and engaged by changing up the types of games used to master letters. #4: Not Being Consistent Practice truly makes perfect when it comes to letter recognition and ABC learning games. One simple way to keep children invested is to use everyday objects as a chance to learn. Try labeling objects around the house that a child will come in contact with throughout the day and every time you see them interact with that object, use a simple word to help them connect it back to the alphabet. For example: when your child sits on a couch, you can point to the label and ask them what object they just sat on. Then say the word â€Å"couch† and/or have them say the word and the letter it starts with (i.e.: â€Å"C† is for â€Å"couch†). #5: Not Celebrating Each Success Along the Way Learning the alphabet is an incredible accomplishment! But there are 26 letters to learn and each one mastered is a reason to celebrate. Give your learner a sense of accomplishment by encouraging them and cheering them on every time they learn a new letter. Remember... There is no single correct way to teach the alphabet. However, the more fun, dynamic and engaging you make it, the more your learner will remember his or her letters. The more they remember, the better prepared they’ll be to learn to read. Be sure to mix up the types of alphabet games you play by using letter recognition game ideas on Pinterest, YouTube and blogs (like ours!). Be consistent and don’t forget to celebrate every learned letter as its own accomplishment. What’s Next? Looking for more learning games? Be sure to read our complete guide. (Coming soon) Already reading? Check out the 9 Literary Elements You’ll Find in Every Story. If you need a break from letters, learn about the Most Common Shapes and How to Identify Them. These recommendations are based solely on our knowledge and experience. If you purchase an item through one of our links, PrepScholar may receive a commission.

Methodology Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Methodology - Dissertation Example Thus, financial reports recorded in this manner make it harder to compare financial reports. This issue has been said to be solved by implementing a standard reporting system or global accounting standards (Hawkins, 2000). Standardized financial reporting has been implemented based on the assumption that it can increase the comparability of financial statements, increase the quality of financial reports, and improve corporate transparency especially in terms of incentives. It has also been determined to be created as a result of the increase in the number of multinational companies or MNCs (Nobes and Parker, 2006). Moreover, Bolt-Lee and Smith (2009) included increase in reporting consistency, better global competition, and increase in the transparency of financial reporting as the benefits of international financial reporting. Moreover, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in 1999 stated that the financial systems of developing crisis, especially those experiencing financial crisis , can be strengthened by enhancing the financial reporting regulations and practices. Jainkengit (2002) reported an improvement in the economy of Thailand as a result of enhanced financial reporting regulations and practices and transparency or greater disclosure on financial information. Similarly, a study by Daske, Hail, Leuz, and Verdi (2008) explored the effects and consequences of mandatory IFRS (International Financial Reporting Systems) reporting. ... The benefits include increase in stock market value, market liquidity, and lower capital costs. Lastly, the study determined that financial reporting standards are most effective under a strict and strong regulating environment. This is most evident in a study by Barrett (1996) where it was determined that financial reports among American and British companies are more comprehensive because of their disclosure requirements. However, there are factors that affect financial reporting among corporate companies. There is an immense role to be played by economic and political forces in what concerns the shaping of accounting. A study by Suttachai and Cooke (2009) enumerated several factors that affect international financial reporting. The important factors discussed are the environment and culture, wherein environment stands for the legal system, economic system, and other institutional factors. Cooke and Wallace (1990) agree by stating that the environment wherein the company is located can greatly affect financial reporting. Thus, despite the homogeneity in the standards for international financial reporting, it still varies depending on various factors, specifically and most especially in terms of its location and culture. It only imply that although they follow the same standards or format for reporting, the quality of data and the means on which they measure still varies (Suttachai and Cooke, 2009), which is ultimately the purpose of standardizing financial report systems: to decrease and eventually eliminate variation (Nobes and Parker,2006). On the other hand, Choi (2002) stated that harmonization or standardization of financial practices and reports increase the comparability and compatibility of financial reports by limiting the

Midterm exam Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Midterm exam - Essay Example a) Joseph Johnston argues that the failures in corporate governance and top level scandals indicates that the fiduciary principle does not really help to ensure that managers seek the best interest of their stakeholders (25). Johnston argues on the basis of the conflict of interest that is so rife in organizations. This is because most managers and directors seek to meet their profit motives and since they are often assessed on the basis of their ability to attain profitability, most directors are prone to find ways and means of cutting corners and cheating some stakeholders. A stakeholder is a person who affects and/or affected by an organizations activities (Freeman 29). This include a wide variety of people including employees, consumers, suppliers, financial institutions, government agencies amongst others. These people have various demands and expectations from the organization and its directors. And due to the reality that directors are expected in practice, to generate profits, directors are wont to do illegal things that will lead to higher profitability. They are also likely to ignore other peoples claims and legitimate needs in order to attain high profitability. From another angle, managers and directors want to remain in the good books of shareholders and guarantee shareholders expectations of higher dividends. They are therefore likely to present misleading reports that will allow them to remain in office as directors. Thus, the fiduciary duty of operating in good faith is often missed and directors use ways and means to attain results. b) To a large extent, I agree with this assertion. This is because in reality, a director works under so many constraints. And if that is the case, a director will be forced to do things that might not be in the best interest of everyone. From another perspective, it is practically impossible for a manager or director to meet all the expectations and demands of stakeholders. So a director will have to